The following article has been published:
Highlights
- Introduces a novel “Atmosphere-Biomass-Soil (ABS) model” integrating carbon stock and flow via System Dynamics.
- ABS model enables comparative carbon offset analysis between monoculture and synecoculture.
- Synecoculture achieves net-negative carbon budgets across temperate and tropical zones.
- Proposes a theoretical sampling optimization framework reducing bias in ecosystem function assessments, including carbon credit evaluation.
- Provides a robust framework to evaluate carbon offsets from land-use conversion strategies.